Toolman

Tap drill size for 3/4-10

21/32"

0.6563 inches · 16.67 mm · 75% thread engagement

Tap drill (75% thread)21/32" — 0.6563" / 16.67 mm
Major diameter0.75" / 19.05 mm
Drill for a 100% thread0.6201" / 15.75 mm
Threads per inch10
Pitch0.1" / 2.54 mm
SeriesUNC (coarse)

Where the number comes from

A tap cuts the thread; the drill leaves the hole it cuts into. Cutting the full thread form would mean drilling the major diameter less the whole height of the thread:

0.75 − 1.299 ÷ 10 = 0.6201 inches

That is the 100% thread, which nobody drills — the tap has to remove every scrap of metal and usually breaks trying. Charts give 75%, so three quarters of the thread height is cut away and the rest is left as clearance:

0.75 − 0.974 ÷ 10 = 0.6526 inches

The nearest drill that actually exists is 21/32" at 0.6563 inches, which is 0.0037 inches over the theoretical figure. That is the number printed on every 3/4-10 tap chart, and this is where it comes from.

The same hole at other engagements

Thread engagement is a choice, not a constant. Less engagement means an easier cut and a longer tap life for very little loss of strength, which is why a machinist working stainless will not drill the chart size.

EngagementTheoreticalDrillMillimetres
50%0.6851"11/16" (0.6875")17.46 mm
65%0.6656"43/64" (0.6719")17.07 mm
75% — the chart value0.6526"21/32" (0.6563")16.67 mm
85%0.6396"41/64" (0.6406")16.27 mm

A 75% thread is close to the practical ceiling: going from 75% to 100% adds only a few per cent of strength and roughly doubles the torque needed to turn the tap. Going the other way, a 65% thread still holds about 95% of the load a 75% thread does, which is why 65% is the usual choice in anything harder than mild steel.

3/4-10 in metric

3/4-10 has a major diameter of 19.05 mm and a pitch of 2.54 mm. The nearest metric tap is M20 at 20 mm, which is 0.95 mm larger — far enough apart that there is no confusing the two. An M20 bolt will not enter a 3/4-10 hole at all, so if a fastener nearly fits, neither of these is the standard you are looking for.

For the drill itself the conversion is straightforward: 21/32" is 16.67 mm, and a metric drill index will offer 16.7 mm as the nearest size.

What 3/4-10 is used for

Structural steelwork, foundation bolts and large threaded rod.

The same 0.75" screw is also made as 3/4-16, the fine version, which takes a 11/16" drill instead. Coarse threads tap faster, tolerate damage better and hold better in soft material.

Frequently asked questions

What size drill bit do I need for a 3/4-10 tap?

A 21/32" drill, which is 0.6563 inches or 16.67 mm. That is the standard 75% thread engagement figure, and it is what every published tap chart gives for 3/4-10.

What size hole do I need for a 3/4-10 thread?

The same 21/32" hole — 0.6563 inches. The number comes from subtracting the thread height from the major diameter: 0.75 − 0.974 ÷ 10 = 0.6526 inches, and 21/32" is the nearest drill that exists.

What is the 3/4-10 tap drill size in mm?

16.67 mm. There is no metric drill of exactly that size, so a metric drill index gives you 16.7 mm as the nearest — close enough for 3/4-10 in most materials, though it changes the thread engagement slightly.

Can I use a 43/64" instead?

Yes, and in hard material you should. 43/64" gives about 65% thread engagement instead of 75%. That costs very little strength — a 65% thread holds roughly 95% of what a 75% thread does — and it makes the tap markedly easier to turn, which is the trade every machinist makes in stainless or tough alloy.

Other tap sizes

Every unified tap drill size · Metric thread sizes